Hair hygiene associated with female students' pediculosis capitis at a boarding secondary school
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53713/nhsj.v6i1.600Keywords:
Pediculosis capitis, hair hygiene knowledge, Islamic boarding school, infestation preventionAbstract
Pediculosis capitis is an infestation of the ectoparasite Pediculus humanus var. capitis on the hair and scalp, which remains a public health issue with a high prevalence, particularly among school-aged children and adolescents. Islamic boarding schools are highly vulnerable to transmission due to communal living patterns and the frequent sharing of personal items. This study aimed to determine the relationship between hair hygiene knowledge and the occurrence of Pediculosis capitis among female students. An observational-analytic, cross-sectional study was conducted with 52 respondents selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected through microscopic examination of hair lice samples. The results revealed a significant relationship between hair hygiene knowledge and Pediculosis capitis infestation. The students’ knowledge and hair hygiene practices were relatively low, as reflected by the high prevalence rate of infestation (72.5%). Therefore, increasing health education and promotion regarding hair hygiene in boarding schools is essential as a preventive strategy against Pediculosis capitis.
References
Ali, A. M., Nurdian, Y., & Rumastika, N. S. (2025). Association between Hair Hygiene and Pediculus capitis Infestation among Elementary School Students in Sukorambi District, Jember Regency. Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease, 13(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.20473/ijtid.v13i1.60916
Anindita, R., Wahyu, E. N., Perwitasari, M., Nathalia, D. D., Beandrade, M. U., & Harahap, N. R. A. (2024). Monitoring Pediculosis Capitis in Students at Al-Muhajirin Islamic Boarding School, Cikarang Pusat, West Java, Indonesia. International Islamic Medical Journal, 5(2), 84-96. https://doi.org/10.33086/iimj.v5i2.5783
Astuti, A. S. A., & Asyfiradayati, R. (2025). The Relationship Between Personal Hygiene Knowledge and the Incidence of Pediculosis capitis Among Female Students at the Islamic Boarding School X in Pati. Healthy Tadulako Journal (Jurnal Kesehatan Tadulako), 11(4), 572-582. https://doi.org/10.22487/htj.v11i4.1843
Banafshi, Z., & Khatony, A. (2024). Exploring the lived experiences of adolescent girls affected by head lice infestation: a qualitative descriptive study. BMC Infectious Diseases, 24(1), 825. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09739-6
Bartosik, K., Kulbaka, E., Buczek, W., Ciura, D., Raszewska-Famielec, M., Tytuła, A., & Buczek, A. (2023). Pediculosis capitis and scabies in nurses from Eastern Poland–occupational risk and environmental determinants. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 30(2), 244-251. https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/166474
Beyhan, Y. E., & Ozkan, S. (2026). Pediculus humanus capitis Infestation Among Primary School Children in Van Province, Türkiye. Eastern Journal of Medicine, 31(1), 86-89. https://dx.doi.org/10.5505/ejm.2026.19083
Castro, P. A. S. V. D., Paranhos, L. S., Pessoa, G. C. D. Á., Barbosa, D. S., Carneiro, M., & Bezerra, J. M. T. (2023). Epidemiological aspects of Pediculosis by Pediculus humanus capitis (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae) in Minas Gerais: a systematic review. Cadernos Saúde Coletiva, 31(1), e30040425. https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-462X202230040425
Chen, J., Mei, A., Jacques, A., Ricciardo, B., & Bowen, A. (2025). Therapeutic potential of plant-based therapies in pediculosis capitis: Systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS Global Public Health, 5(7), e0004841. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0004841
Delie, A. M., Melese, M., Limenh, L. W., Esubalew, D., Worku, N. K., Fenta, E. T., ... & Dagnaw, T. E. (2024). Prevalence and associated factors of head lice infestation among primary school children in low-and middle-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 24(1), 2181. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-19712-2
Enechukwu, N. A. (2025). Pediculosis capitis: An overlooked cause of scalp itch in Nigerian women and the role of trichoscopy in diagnosis. Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. https://doi.org/10.1093/ced/llaf380
Fu, Y. T., Yao, C., Deng, Y. P., Elsheikha, H. M., Shao, R., Zhu, X. Q., & Liu, G. H. (2022). Human Pediculosis, a global public health problem. Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 11(1), 58. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-022-00986-w
Gul, U., Sunantaraporn, S., Brownell, N., & Siriyasatien, P. (2024). High prevalence of knockdown resistance mutations, genetic clade diversity, and detection of Acinetobacter species in head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) infesting children in a Thai orphanage: A comprehensive survey. Current Research in Parasitology & Vector-Borne Diseases, 8, 100336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100336
Kotus, M., Sędzikowska, A., Kulisz, J., Zając, Z., Borzęcka-Sapko, A., Woźniak, A., Tytuła, A., & Bartosik, K. (2025). The Role of Parental and Institutional Approaches in the Persistence of Pediculosis Capitis in Early Childhood Education Settings: A General Survey. Insects, 16(3), 308. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16030308
Leung, A. K. C., Lam, J. M., Leong, K. F., Barankin, B., & Hon, K. L. (2022). Paediatrics: how to manage pediculosis capitis. Drugs in context, 11. https://doi.org/10.7573/dic.2021-11-3
Logamoorthy, R., & Karthikeyan, K. (2025). Pediculosis capitis: A hidden threat in tropical regions. Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. llaf522. https://doi.org/10.1093/ced/llaf522
Mus, R., Awaluddin, A., & Rabiah, R. (2022). Overview of Pediculosis Capitis Risk Factors in Students of the Thafizul Qur'an Wahdah Islamiyah Islamic Boarding School in Makassar City. Medical Technology and Public Health Journal, 6(1), 21-28. https://doi.org/10.33086/mtphj.v6i1.3120
Najjari, M., Gorouhi, M. A., Zarrinfar, H., Hosseini Farash, B. R., Jamali, J., Moghaddas, E., & Ebrahimipuor, M. (2022). Impact of a health educational interventional program on reducing the head lice infestation among pupils in an elementary school of a sub-tropical region: a quasi-experimental study. BMC Pediatrics, 22(1), 424. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-022-03492-y
Naseri, M., Ghaffari, M., & Rakhshanderou, S. (2025). Correlates of Pediculosis preventive behaviors among female adolescents using a theoretical framework: A case of health belief model. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 14, 126. https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_1714_23
Nasirian, H. (2024). Monitoring the impact, trends, and impact levels of factors affecting Pediculus capitis infestation in primary school students: An illustrative scale of evidence review. Journal of Public Health, 32(8), 1479-1557. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-023-01863-y
Nasirian, H., & Ahmadi, S. A. Y. (2024). Pediculus capitis (Anoplura: Pedicullidae) infestation in preschool and primary school students and the community: a global-scale evidence review. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 44(2), 441-536. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-023-01129-w
Neuberg, M., Banfić, I., Cikač, T., Ribić, R., Zember, S., & Meštrović, T. (2022). Knowledge, Attitudes, Psychosocial Perspectives and Applied Epidemiology in the Control of Head Lice (pediculosis capitis) in Croatian Preschool Children: A Qualitative Study on Childcare Professionals and Health Coordinators. Children, 9(1), 66. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9010066
Padzik, M., Olędzka, G., Gromala-Milaniuk, A., Kopeć, E., & Hendiger-Rizo, E. B. (2024). Prevalence and Intensity of Pediculus humanus capitis in Kindergarten and Primary School Children in Poland. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 14(11), 3942. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14113942
Petri, A., Murlina, N., Nurfadly, & Hervina. (2024). Analysis of Personal Hygiene and Characteristics of Living Environment in Elementary Student with Pediculosis Capitis. Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin, 36(2), 81–87. https://doi.org/10.20473/bikk.V36.2.2024.81-87
Riskayanti, Y., & Febrianti, M. (2025). Utilization of Sang Mamong Leaf Extract (Lantana camara) as an Anti-Head (Pediculus humanus capitis) Lice Shampoo. Jurnal Pijar Mipa, 20(1), 123-128. https://doi.org/10.29303/jpm.v20i1.8366
Strahan, A. G., & Elston, D. M. (2024). Dermatologic Care for Refugees: Effective Management of Scabies and Pediculosis. Cutis, 113(4), E16–E21. https://doi.org/10.12788/cutis.0999
Sukesi, T. W., Ikhsian, K., & Sulistyawati, S. (2024). Risk Factors Associated with Head Lice (Pediculosis Capitis) Infestation in Children Aged 6− 15 years in Relocation Housing for Tsunami Victims. The Open Public Health Journal, 17(1). http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0118749445334408241003045837
Sutrisno, J., & Febriani, E. A. (2025). Education On Clean and Healthy Living Behavior in Prevention of Pediculosis Capitis Disease. Open Access Health Scientific Journal, 6(1), 27–33. https://doi.org/10.55700/oahsj.v6i1.62
Toghroli, R., Hosseini, Z., Ziapour, A., Yari, A., Rahimi, S. F., & Mehedi, N. (2022). Explaining the Determinants of Pediculosis Control and Prevention: A Qualitative Study in Southern Iran. INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing. https://doi.org/10.1177_00469580221086369
Tomia, A., & Tuharea, R. (2024). Description of Head Lice (Pediculus capitis) Infection of Primary School-Age Children in Elementary School Negeri 40, Salero District, Central Ternate District, Ternate City, 2022. International Journal of Science, Technology & Management, 5(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.46729/ijstm.v5i1.1043
Valero, M., Haidamak, J., Santos, T. D. O., Prüss, I. C., Bisson, A., Santos Do Rosário, C., Fantozzi, M., Morales-Suárez-Varela, M., & Klisiowicz, D. (2023). Pediculosis capitis risk factors in school children: Hair thickness and hair length. Acta Tropica, 249, 107075. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107075









